Development of Behavioural Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Improvement of Behavioral Finance - Essay Example This was trailed by Selden’s notable work on the stock trade where he endeavored to clarify people’s monetary conduct in the stock trades (Selden, 1912). Further work on behavourial account proceeded through the endeavors of analysts, for example, Leon Festinger who presented the idea of psychological disharmony (Festinger et al., 1956). The more present day slants in behavourial money were put by Tversky and Kahneman who presented the accessibility heuristic that depicted the budgetary likelihood of dynamic by an individual (Tversky and Kahneman, 1973). This thought was trailed by another normal utility hypothesis that investigated the first hypothesis. This new hypothesis outlined a clear model of dynamic when confronted with dangers. The developing model was embraced as the possibility hypothesis (Kahneman and Tverksy, 1979). The possibility hypothesis introduced by Kahneman and Tversky has additionally been recommended as the option monetary clarification for indivi duals settling on not exactly anticipated choices in an unsafe market circumstance. The sixties saw the use of subjective brain science to the handling of data by the cerebrum. This remained as opposed to social models. The recently rising subjective models were being contrasted with one another, for example, those introduced by Ward Edwards, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky. This was enlarged by the advancement of scientific brain science that started to connect up transivity of individual inclinations to various types of estimation scales (Luce, 2000). These improvements were enlarged with the presentation of fresher ideas, for example, arrogance that powers people to settle on unreasonable decisions which lead to poor budgetary dynamic (Kahneman and Diener, 2003). The limited reasonability projections in conduct fund venture that people demonstration to boost fulfillment instead of utility through their money related dynamic despite the fact that it might prompt a misfortune (Gig erenzer and Selten, 2002) (Tsang, 2008). Throughout the years, different sorts of mental characteristics like projection predisposition, carelessness, constrained consideration and such have been utilized in social fund models. The space of between worldly decision has additionally had different uses of conduct money which will in general utilize different sorts of mental components to clarify essential models of normal decision. Dynamic Portfolio Management versus Passive Portfolio Management Fund administrators complete dynamic portfolio the executives with the goal that the portfolio speculations will in general beat a specific venture benchmark record. Conversely, subsidize administrators who are not hoping to beat any speculation benchmark file attempt to put resources into reserves that recreate past weightings and returns. This procedure is marked as aloof portfolio the board (Malkiel, 1996). Latent portfolio the executives is the most favored venture method on the value adve rtise yet it is increasing more extensive acknowledgment in other speculation fields. The conflict behind detached administration is to lessen value-based expenses just as venture chances so that the investor’s yield increments. In the cutting edge economy it is normal for assets to be made do with the first store proprietors depending on finance chiefs to take venture choices. As per Cuoco and Kaniel (2009), in 2004 the aggregate sum of oversaw common assets surpassed $8 trillion, mutual funds totalled $1 billion and benefits reserves totalled more than $12 billion in the United States alone. It has likewise been

Sports World Should Be Drug - Drug Control Law

Sports World Should Be Drug Free Investigate on ?The Sports World Should be Drug Free? This article was inferred on the inquiry: Why the games world ought to be sedate free? Barry McCaffrey's response to this inquiry depends on a straightforward suspicion that tranquilize utilization in sports directly affects kids which will at last lead to ruin of sports. The article takes on the conviction that all or most children admire competitors. Also, on the off chance that these competitors take drugs, at that point children will take drugs. It is coordinated to the competitors themselves, mentors, and the guardians everything being equal. McCaffrey states that after the passing of competitor Len Bias, youth cocaine utilize abruptly dropped (page 1). It appears this is a sheltered supposition on the grounds that after a demise of a celebrated competitor, individuals just as kids get familiar with the deplorable impact of medication use. He additionally accepts that when competitors use sedates and are compensated for their physicality kids get the misimpression that medications are not hazardous to their prosperity, dreams and goals (page 1). This exposition is convincing and furthermore consistent. We as a culture realize that kids admire all competitors. They are imagined on grain boxes, tennis shoe advertisements, kid's shows, and so on?. The creator makes the regular suspicion that if these competitors use tranquilizes that children will get the image that it is okay for them to utilize them also. His contention is persuading particularly for a parent. He gives proof that proficient associations are know getting included to stand firm against medicate utilization. McCaffrey states, ? Eighteen Major League Baseball crews are indicating hostile to medicate open assistance declarations in their arenas at home games. Significant association soccer is sending solid enemy of medication messages to its young fans. On October 23rd , as a component of the Office of Drug Policy's athletic activity, the first since forever ?National Coachathon Against Drugs? will see mentors over the nation?from pee small to the major leagues?starting rehearses with messages against drugs? (page 2). The main thing about McCaffrey's contention is that he didn't think about the opposite side's perspective. He should of figured they didn't have a significant case to try and think about their view. He worked superbly inquiring about and making a firm solid point. List of sources McCaffrey, Barry R. The Sports World Should Be Drug Free St. Petersburg Times. September 9, 1998. p. 12A

Outsourcing Your Social Media Efforts 3 Reasons Why Its A Bad Idea

Outsourcing Your Social Media Efforts â€" 3 Reasons Why It’s A Bad Idea Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Outsourcing Your Social Media Efforts â€" 3 Reasons Why It’s A Bad IdeaUpdated On 17/05/2014Author : Kirsty LaVierTopic : Social MediaShort URL : http://hbb.me/1lLixdQ CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogIf you make it a habit to keep up with the latest internet marketing trends, then you know how powerful social media has become for businesses.  Long gone are the days when websites like Twitter and Facebook were used only to reconnect with old friends.  Now, both of these websites are major marketing tools.And while business owners are outsourcing more and more tasks â€" like SEO, content creation, and web design â€" smart entrepreneurs are doing all of their social media work themselves.In fact, outsourcing your social media work is a downright bad idea.   Here’s why:1. Your fans and followers want to talk to youWhy are people signing up to be your fan on Facebook, or making an effort to follow you on Twitter?   Because they want to hear what you have to say! Having a “like” page on your site allows you to get people to begin that conversation â€" these are people who want to hear from you. Some eCommerce products, for example X-Cart Gold, allow you to automatically add a “like” to all your product pages.Anyone can log onto your website and see your formal sales pitch.   But, people go the extra mile to follow you on social media sites because they want to hear your thoughts â€" not some mouthpiece that’s pretending to be you.  By outsourcing your social media, you’re conning your followers.  They think they’re hearing right from you, when, in reality, you have nothing do with it.   And, eventually, people will see right through it.READUsing Social Visualization To Get Your Message Across2. Gives chance to establish personal relationships with target audienceInstead of guessing what people think of your latest product, or wonderi ng how people responded to your latest launch, you can use social media sites to ask them yourself!When you’re involved in social media, you can talk directly to your target audience.   In fact, the best social media strategies encourage followers and fans to share their thoughts and opinions.  That way, you know exactly what your target audience thinks of you â€" and what they expect from you.If you outsource your social media work, you’ll never get to establish these relationships, and you will miss out on a great opportunity to talk directly to your target audience.3. Outsourcing takes all of the personality out of itSocial media sites are designed to be relaxing and laid-back.  If you outsource your social media efforts, you may very well wind up with formalized sales pitches, instead of interesting shares.  Even if you instruct your outsourcing team to make your social media pages “fun”, it’s still not the same as injecting your personality into it â€" and your pages won’t look as genuine.This article is written by Kirsty LaVier. She is the editor for Shopping Cart Reviews, the leading shopping cart information website.

Definition and Examples of Plain English

Plain English is  clear and direct speech or writing in English. Also called plain language. The opposite of plain English goes by various names: bureaucratese, doublespeak, gibberish, gobbledygook, skotison. In the U.S., the Plain Writing Act of 2010 took effect in October 2011 (see below). According to the governments Plain Language Action and Information Network, the law requires federal agencies to write all new publications, forms, and publicly distributed documents in a â€Å"clear, concise, well-organized† manner that follows the best practices of plain language writing. Based in England, the Plain English Campaign is a professional editing company and pressure group committed to eliminating gobbledygook, jargon and misleading public information. Examples and Observations Plain English, it turns out, is the product of craft: an understanding of the readers needs, the translation of alienating jargon, establishing an easy pace that readers can follow. Clarity of expression comes most of all from a clear understanding of the topic or theme you are writing about. No writer can clarify for the reader what is not clear to the writer in the first place.(Roy Peter Clark, Help! for Writers: 210 Solutions to the Problems Every Writer Faces. Little, Brown and Company, 2011) Plain English (or plain language, as its often called) refers to: The writing and setting out of essential information in a way that gives a cooperative, motivated person a good chance of understanding it at first reading, and in the same sense that the writer meant it to be understood. This means pitching the language at a level that suits the readers and using good structure and layout to help them navigate. It doesnt mean always using simple words at the expense of the most accurate or writing whole documents in kindergarten language . . ..Plain English embraces honesty as well as clarity. Essential information should not lie or tell half-truths, especially as its providers are often socially or financially dominant.(Martin Cutts, Oxford Guide to Plain English, 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2009) Plain Writing Act (2011) The federal government is rolling out a new official language of sorts: plain English. . . .[President Barack] Obama signed the Plain Writing Act last fall after decades of effort by a cadre of passionate grammarians in the civil service to jettison the jargon. . . .It takes full effect in October, when federal agencies must start writing plainly in all new or substantially revised documents produced for the public. The government will still be allowed to write nonsensically to itself. . . .By July, each agency must have a senior official overseeing plain writing, a section of its website devoted to the effort and employee training under way. . . .It is important to emphasize that agencies should communicate with the public in a way that is clear, simple, meaningful and jargon-free, says Cass Sunstein, a White House information and regulation administrator who gave guidance to federal agencies in April on how to put the law into place.(Calvin Woodward [Associated Press], Feds Must St op Writing Gibberish Under New Law. CBS News, May 20, 2011) Plain Writing As for plain English writing,  think of it as having three parts: - Style. By style, I mean how to write clear, readable sentences. My advice is simple: write more the way you talk. This may sound simple, but its a powerful metaphor that can revolutionize your writing.- Organization. I suggest starting with your main point almost all the time. That doesnt mean it has to be your first sentence (though it can be)--just that it should come early and be easy to find.- Layout. This is the appearance of the page and your words on it. Headings, bullets, and other techniques of white space help your reader see--visually--the underlying structure of your writing. . . . Plain English is not limited to expressing only simple ideas: it works for all kinds of writing--from an internal memo to a complicated technical report. It can handle any level of complexity. (Edward P. Bailey, Plain English at Work: A Guide to Writing and Speaking. Oxford University Press, 1996) Criticism of Plain English As well as the arguments in favour (e.g. Kimble, 1994/5), Plain English also has its critics. Robyn Penman argues that we need to consider the context when we write and we cannot rely on a universal principle of plain or simple English. There is some evidence that Plain English revisions do not always work: Penman quotes research including an Australian study which compared versions of a tax form and found that the revised version was virtually as demanding for the taxpayer as the old form (1993), p. 128).We agree with Penmans main point--that we need to design appropriate documents--but we still think that all business writers should consider the recommendations coming from Plain English sources. Unless you have clear contrary evidence, they are the safest bet, especially if you have a general or mixed audience. (Peter Hartley and Clive G. Bruckmann, Business Communication. Routledge, 2002)

U.s. Relations With Colombia - 1022 Words

Working title Under the government of the President James Monroe in 1822, U.S opened up relations with Colombia; with a strategical interest for both nations. The agreements were based in expanding commercial relations and strengthen amity. However, U.S relations with Colombia took a different turn as a result of a new era Colombia’s civil war and drug trafficking . The interest of improve the foreign policy and the security of both countries; In order to maintain the U.S relations with Colombia, an analysis of the conflict in Colombia has to be made to protect the U.S national interest. Historically, the relations between U.S and Colombia have been marked the foreign policy and the international trade. Nevertheless, the civil war in Colombia have shifted this relation. In Colombia, the establishment of The Revolutionary Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the leftist National Liberation Army (ELN) during the 1960s created the beginning of an era of terrorist and drug trafficking. The FARC beg an forming in 1966 inspired by the Cuban Revolution with a left-wing nationalism and Marxism-Leninism. FARC’s actions trough the history has been involved with terrorist against of the population in Colombia. As well, thousands of peasant farmers that have been obligated to produce illicit drugs in their own properties controlled by the guerrillas. Nowadays, the FARC has been the largest and oldest insurgent group in the Americas. The FARC has been roundly criticized for initiatingShow MoreRelatedEssay on Columbia1712 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica’s War on Drugs Chaos best describes the current state of the Republic of Colombia. Rebelling terrorist groups from within the country threaten to topple Colombia’s actual government. Again and again, Colombia has shown its inability to fight the rebelling terrorists and simultaneously protect its civilians from harm. America has several reasons to intervene, with its military force if necessary, in Colombia. America must be protected against drugs and the countless crimes and social problemsRead MorePanama Foreign Policy Essays796 Words   |  4 Pagespetite country. Democracy has shaped their foreign relations, therefore diplomacy has been the only way in which they dealt with big powers to smaller countries. Panama has developed a friendly, although rational communication with Asia and communist countries, meanwhile having a tight relationship with the West and the other sovereign states. It moves on, puts aside burden of the past and focus to have a wide and in depth relationship with Colombia and Costa Rica, the border countries of the smallRead MoreThe United States and Colombia1578 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States and Colombia have had a long standing relationship through the course of history. There have been trade agreements signed by the two parties; also negotiations have taken part in regard to development strategies on the part of the US to promote the rule of Democracy and it’s institutions in Colombia, where illegal armed forces sought to control many aspects of the country’s development. Aside from trade agreements the United States and Columbia have also had agreements related toRead MoreWhat Was The Failure Of The Peace Process1033 Words   |  5 Pagesmilitary relations. The guerrillas, as previously explained, slowly increased their membership, largely to the credit of the demilitarized zone. The paramilitaries developed during this time as well, actually gaining dominance in coca, oil, and agro-producing regions. This enabled the paramilitaries to gain an upper hand in drugs and arms smuggling. Similarly, government forces were increasing in size and strength, having benefitted from the United States’ newly implemented Plan Colombia. The ColombianRead MoreThe Role of Regional Integration in Promoting Global Business.1157 Words   |  5 Pagescombined for the two countries is estimated at 70 million. â€Å"Most major cities are often located on the coast of either the three main waterways bordering the region- the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. The two Andean States of Colombia and Venezuela are located in the northwestern part of the continent. They both are Caribbean-bordering countries. Two independent states and a dependent state are located in the Guiana Highlands. Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana, respectively areRead MoreThe War on Drugs1350 Words   |  6 PagesHowever, these developments have also led to the decline of several social and political situations within, as well as outside of, America, such as the amplification of the inequality in the United States and the challenging of the internal peace of Colombia. Drug addiction citizens of US toelichten + wat heeft de drug policy ermee gedaan (algmeen; vooruitgang, achteruitgang / meer of minder drug abuse) Since the 19th century drugs have been present in the United States and what are considered ‘hardRead MoreThe Impact Of Latin American Culture On Latin America1656 Words   |  7 Pagesfor drugs was just in the border of their own country. The easily corrupted officials allowed the drug organizations to achieve excellent networks of transportation and thus reducing costs.† (Feron). The drug trade is one of Latin America’s, mainly Colombia and Mexico, largest contributions to globalization. â€Å"While cocaine, heroin, and marijuana have long figured as primary trafficked products, in the recent past drug trafficking organizations (DTOs) have increased shipments of methamphetamines. YetRead MoreWar On Drugs : A Comparative Analysis Of Human Rights Violation1339 Words   |  6 Pagesthe War on Drugs campaign began there has been a more complex relationship between the U.S and Latin America. While the media portrays the U.S as providing aid to Latin America to comb at such issues, the U.S is also seen as a victim in the war on drugs. Over the course of the war on drugs numerous human rights violations have been reported. In some Latin American countries, such as Mexico and Colombia, the U.S military and economic aid involvement contributes to human rights violations while creatingRead MoreIntroduction Of The Global Economy1147 Words   |  5 PagesStephanie White Professor Greer Introduction to the Global Economy 8 November 2015 Venezuela Venezuela, also known as the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is located on the northern coast of South America and is bordered by Brazil, Colombia and Guyana. The main language spoken is Spanish, but there are numerous other languages spoken around the cities. In Venezuela, there is no dominant ethnicity. Nationalities can range from Spanish and German to African and Arabic. The major religion is RomanRead MoreColombi The Worst Humanitarian Hotspot2070 Words   |  9 PagesColombia Politically, economically, and culturally, Colombia is known as â€Å"the worst humanitarian hotspot† (nationsonline.org: 2015) and it is because of its association with the drug cartels. Colombia is a northern South American country that emerged from the collapse of Gran Colombia in 1830 when Venezuela and Ecuador also emerged. It is a mountain-like, grassy, and tropical country that possesses natural resources ranging from coal, natural gas, and emeralds. Colombia’s agriculture produces coffee

Sexual Objectification and the Effects on Women Essay

Sexual Objectification of Women and the Effect on Women Everywhere you turn, there are magazine covers, movies, reality TV shows that portray woman in a sexual light. When was the last time that we as a society sat down and realized the effect that this is having on young girls, teens and even grown women. The portrayal of women as sexual objects in these and many other types of media have greatly affected the mindset of society. What affects has this had you ask? There are there main effects that we will explore. First, is the effect it has on their self-image. Second, is the effect on how they portray themselves in their relationships. Third is the effect it has on their mental state. The effect on a woman’s self-image is one of the†¦show more content†¦These objectification trends are on the rise and are creating a low self-image for our young children. This will continue to spiral downward as they mature into grown women. Once these young children reach their teen years and even into early adulthood, this objectificati on brings on a second effect. Their ability to form natural relationships is dwindling. Take for instance the show Rock of Love or The Bachelor. Women on these shows compete amongst each other for one man’s affection. The actions of these women go much further than a regular conversation and first date. You see these women get naked, make-out with each other, even sleep with these men all in the hopes that for one more week they are able to stay in the house, just to turn around next week and do it all over again. What is this teaching our children? Well for one it is teaching them that this type of behavior is acceptable. This acceptable behavior has attributed to higher teen pregnancy, multiple sex partners and now the new craze – sexting. In a SPARK Summit video, Yanique Richards a high school student feels that these types of shows are directly targeted towards her and her peers. She states that â€Å"these shows are shown when I directly get home from school and I don’t want to do homework and I am sitting in frontShow MoreRelatedSexual Objectification And Its Effects On Women2428 Words   |  10 Pagesoften viewed as objects rather than human beings. Primarily, we see it in the media, video games and advertisements. â€Å"Sexual objectification occurs when a woman’s body or body parts are singled out and separated from her as a person and she is viewed primarily as a physical object of male sexual desire† (Barkley). Although some men and women may view sexual objectification as disapproving, according to actress Cameron Diaz, â€Å"Every woman wants to be objectified because they feel more attractiveRead MoreThe Creativity That Lies Behind Such Successful Marketing Strategies951 Words   |  4 Pagescompanies in so many ways objectify women on a daily basis. What’s more disturbing is that this practice is so common we fail to realize it its occurrence. C. In today’s day and age, it is important for me to know who I am in today’s society - a young woman who knows her self worth; something that every woman no matter what their age should know. D. The practice of objectifying women in advertisement is so common that society is no longer cognizant of the effects it has on the woman of today. E.Read MoreThe Sexual Double Standard : Gender Roles1526 Words   |  7 Pages2014 Ho Lot Of Stigma: The Sexual Double Standard Gender roles are social constructs that defines what sort of behaviors are acceptable for men or women. These rigid expectations teach people through socialization that we should think, speak, dress, and be a certain way depending on which gender we are. When we are young we learn the behaviors that are socially appropriate for males and females; these behaviors are often based on gender stereotypes. For example, women are expected to love shoppingRead MoreObjectification Is A Word That Has Many Negative Connotations1029 Words   |  5 PagesObjectification is a word that has many negative connotations. Nussbaum identifies objectification â€Å"as a pejorative term, connoting a way of speaking, thinking, and acting that the speaker finds morally or socially objectionable, usually, though not always, in the sexual realm.† Nussbaum’s definition is vague, like many of her other works, and places the connotation of the word itself into the â€Å"speaker’s† own hands. While it is good to allow wiggle room for concepts, an act which allows them to beRead MoreSexual Objectification Of Music Videos And How Adolescents Are Affected Essay1068 Words   |  5 Pages Sexual Objectification in Music Videos and How Adolescents Are Affected Lauren Faron, Aynsley Fishel, Nisha Patel, Menelik Solomon The Ohio State University Music videos are easily accessible to everyone, especially adolescents. From its earliest origins on TV to recent upgrades to technology on the internet, such as YouTube, anyone can watch music videos at any time of the day. Online music video sites draw an average of 150 million people each month who viewRead MoreAmerican Women s Experiences With Street Harassment1204 Words   |  5 Pagesaround the world. Individuals experience street harassment daily. Street harassment is any form of unwanted verbal or physical harassment sexual in nature. This paper will discuss American women s experiences with street harassment. We’ll begin with looking at: Who street harasses? Why they street harass? And lastly, the desired effects compared to actual effects of street harassment? These questions will set up a foundation to view what street harassment says about larger society and the perceptionRead MoreHow I Met Your Mother Essay1307 Words   |  6 Pagesand preventing him from his â€Å"sexual conquests† by warning other women about him. In the course of this episode, the writers have created a setting in which many women of Barney’s past are shown to be insignificant through the stereotypes about women, the treatment of women as sexual objects, and the the inappropriate language used to describe these female characters. In creating a setting in which these sexist remarks are shown to be humorous, these attitudes towards women seem insignificant and trivialRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Women s Self Esteem1327 Words   |  6 Pageswill argue that the media portrays one image of beauty and this has a damaging effect on women’s mental health, resulting in low self esteem and further deepening gender inequality within our society. I will argue this by discussing the effect media has on women’s self esteem, how the media promotes a patriarchal society and the stereotypes it presents to the public. Finally, I will discuss the sexual objectification of women presented in the media and later examine how individuals have taken this matterRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Objectification Of Women s Media 996 Words   |  4 Pages21, 2016 Women= Objects in Ads What does a naked woman have to do in a men’s cologne advertisement? Well the adver-tisement companies think that sex sells. When women is objectified, they are being degraded of their character as a human. These days young women especially, they are being objectified to sell goods and services using their looks and not their knowledge. In the article â€Å"Objectification of Women in Entertainment Media† by Jon Barber, explains how the objectification of women in societyRead MoreCambodia: A Place of Countless Struggles1545 Words   |  6 Pagesstruggles. Poverty, lack of education, abuse, and sexual trafficking consume most of Cambodia, and the government continues to let these issues flourish. One of the most prominent problems Cambodia battles with is the sex industry, with prostitution and trafficking rates skyrocketing. According to recent human trafficking statistics, an immense amount of victims are sexually trafficked and exploited in Cambodia each year, but 8 0% of victims are young women and girls (Bertone). While sex trafficking affects

3 Years, 5 Months 2 Days In The Life Of free essay sample

A new rap group has hit the music stores and Billboard charts. Their name is Arrested Development. They are black Southerners of all ages, but their songs deal with issues important to all peoples. And, like other rap acts, the members have other names, though it is unclear whether their names are real or fake. The AD family is comprised of Speech, Headliner, Aerle Taree, Montsho Eshe, Rasa Don, and Baba Oje. The first song I heard of theirs on the radio was Tennessee which is about someone who dreams he retraces his forefathers footsteps toward some promised land, that of Tennessee. Each song deals with some aspect of life that should be changed, or at least brought to light. Mr. Wendel talks about someone who gives money and food to a bum on the street and learns a lot from the bum, but still doesnt listen to his words. We will write a custom essay sample on 3 Years, 5 Months 2 Days In The Life Of or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In Fishin 4 Religion, the singer blames the Baptist churches for failing to nurture brothers and sisters in the revolution. In People Everyday, Speech (the writer and main vocalist) is sitting on a park bench with a girlfriend when a mob of gangsters start harassing them for no apparent reason. The song deals mainly with race relations and fights. The albums title 3 years, 5 months, 2 days in the life of refers to the amount of time it took for the group to write, sing, and produce the album. Arrested Development is here to stay, so go out and buy their album. They do not sing like Northern black rappers like Ice Cube and Ice T; their music sounds more like a cross between rap, reggae, and soul-funk. n